PCOS Has a New Name: What Women Need to Know About PMOS

After 14 years, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has officially been renamed to polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS).

Endocrinologist Adam Puchalski, MD, explains what PMOS is, the reason behind the name change, and why greater awareness matters.

What is PMOS?

Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) is a chronic hormonal and metabolic condition, impacting 1 in 8 women worldwide.

Common symptoms of PMOS include:

• Irregular or missed periods
• Excess facial or body hair
• Acne (especially on the face, neck, or back)
• Hair thinning or hair loss on the scalp
• Unexplained weight gain
• Difficulty losing weight
• Infertility or difficulty becoming pregnant

Why did the name change?

The previous name, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), suggested that the condition primarily affected the ovaries and was defined by ovarian cysts.

This misconception contributed to delayed or missed diagnoses and failed to capture the condition's broader effects.

“The new name reflects a better understanding of how PMOS impacts far beyond the ovaries," explains Dr. Puchalski. “PMOS can affect nearly every aspect of a woman’s health, including energy levels, skin, hair, sleep, weight, mental health, menstrual cycle, and fertility.”

Breaking down PMOS

Each part of the name was carefully selected to properly reflect the condition.

Here's what each term means in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS):

Polyendocrine: Refers to involvement of multiple endocrine organs.

Metabolic: Highlights the condition’s connection to metabolic health.

This includes how well your body:

• Uses insulin
• Regulates blood sugar and blood pressure
• Manages fat storage
• Maintains cholesterol levels

Ovarian: Recognizes that ovarian dysfunction remains a key feature of the condition, including irregular ovulation, menstrual cycle changes, and fertility challenges.

Why awareness matters

Although PMOS affects 170 million women worldwide, around 70% remain undiagnosed.

"Many women live with symptoms for years before receiving a diagnosis," says Dr. Puchalski. “By improving awareness of PMOS, we can help women get answers sooner, receive the care they need, and break down the stigma that too often delays diagnosis.”

Earlier recognition can help women better manage symptoms, reduce their risk of long-term complications, and receive the ongoing care needed to support their overall health.

If you've been experiencing symptoms that don't seem to have a clear explanation, talk with your healthcare provider.