Second Trimester Guide: Symptoms, Baby Growth and Tips

Entering the second trimester: a time of growth and change

Heading into your second trimester? Here’s what to expect.

The second trimester — weeks 13 through 28 — often brings welcome changes. A full-term pregnancy typically lasts about 40 weeks, measured from the first day of your last menstrual period. Many people find the second trimester more manageable, as symptoms like nausea and fatigue often subside, and energy levels begin to return.

At Adventist Health Women’s and Family Health, our obstetricians, family nurse practitioners, and care team are here to support you every step of the way.

What’s happening in your body

Every pregnancy is unique, but many people experience some of the following changes during the second trimester:

Breast changes: Breasts continue to grow as milk glands develop. While tenderness may decrease, the areolas may darken, and you might notice a yellowish fluid called colostrum leaking. This is normal as your body prepares to feed your baby.

Skin changes: Stretch marks may appear as your belly grows. Staying within your provider’s recommended weight gain range can help, but stretch marks often fade after pregnancy. Moisturizing can ease itchiness, and it’s important to wear sunscreen — your skin is more sensitive to the sun now. You might also see a dark line (linea nigra) on your belly and darker patches of skin on your face.

Leg cramps or pain: Try sleeping on your side for relief. “If one leg becomes painful and swollen, call your provider right away,” says Dr. Fennimore. “They may want to rule out a blood clot.”

Swelling in ankles, hands or face: This is common. Slip-on shoes can make things easier when your feet need a little extra room.

Back, hip or pelvic aches: Your body is adjusting to support your growing baby, and hormones are softening ligaments in preparation for birth. These changes can cause discomfort.

Changes in your mouth: Hormonal shifts can loosen ligaments — even in your mouth — so some people notice slightly loose teeth, which usually return to normal after pregnancy. Swollen or bleeding gums can also occur; check in with your dentist if this happens. Gum disease can pose a risk to both you and your baby.

Heartburn and mild abdominal cramping: As your uterus grows, pressure on your stomach can cause heartburn. Avoid lying down right after eating and skip fizzy drinks to reduce discomfort.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs): Pregnancy hormones and the growing uterus can make it harder to fully empty your bladder, increasing your risk of UTIs. Untreated infections can lead to complications, so call your provider if you notice symptoms.

Braxton Hicks contractions: You may feel brief, irregular tightening in your belly. These “practice” contractions are usually painless. If they become regular or intense, contact your provider or go to the nearest emergency department.

What’s happening with your baby

Your baby is also experiencing big changes during this time:

Growth: Baby grows from about 6 inches and 4 ounces to around 14 inches and over 2 pounds.

Movement: You’ll start feeling movement more frequently — and more strongly — as your baby grows. Many people notice kicks and flutters most when resting.

Development milestones: Around 20 weeks, you’ll likely be able to learn your baby’s sex during an ultrasound. By the end of the second trimester, your baby’s digestive system is active, lung development has begun, and the brain is rapidly growing.

Looking ahead

As your energy returns, this can be a great time to check off to-dos — whether it’s setting up the nursery or researching baby gear. Just remember to take breaks when your body asks for them.

By the third trimester, you’ll want to register for birth, baby care, and breastfeeding classes. Adventist Health Tillamook offers both in-person and online options to help you feel prepared.

Still looking for a provider? Our Women’s and Family Health team includes compassionate obstetricians and family nurse practitioners ready to walk with you through pregnancy and beyond.